Native American Literature

How Selfishness was Rewarded
(Tlingit) retold by
S. E. Schlosser

"Then his old mother came to her son very early one morning and told him a sad and cruel story. The old mother had awakened the night before from a dream of cooked fish to smell the reality in the air. She opened her old eyes and saw a fish roasting on a small, flickering fire. The starving old mother saw her son's wife crouched near the fire and she heard the girl eagerly chewing the hot fish. The old mother cried out to her son's wife to give her a morsel, but the girl was selfish and told the old woman that the fish she smelled was just a dream. When the old mother begged for just a single bite of fish, the girl denied her request. The old woman kept up her cries until the selfish girl took the bare bones from the last fish and thrust them into the old woman's hands, burning her flesh. Then the old mother wept bitter tears and retreated back to her corner. When he heard his mother's story, the warrior cautioned her to say nothing to his wife.That night, when she thought everyone lay sleeping, the young wife crept down to the shore and summoned a school of herring to the shore using a magic spell. She swept two of the largest fish into her basket and took them back to the lodge to cook. The young girl left the lodge and walked casually toward the woods. As soon as she was out of sight, she took to her heels, running as fast as she could toward the mountains, fearful of her husband's wrath. By the time the young warrior reached the boulder, the girl's transformation was complete. He found himself face to face with a small owl that gazed up at him with his wife's large, pleading eyes.
http://www.americanfolklore.net/folktales/ak2.html

Reflection:

"How Selfishness was Rewarded" is the passage chosen to represent some of the views and problems that existed between the native americans and the immigrants. Both having very different beliefs and life styles. They had to work and hunt for food. Often it came to every man for himself, as portrayed in the passage. I am sure that both Native Americans and the Immigrants had their own selfish ways, it does not always pay off. Selfishness is not always rewarded. In todays world I see people all the time do selfish things and most of the time something bad always happens to them in return.

Dear Diary,

Who would want to be selfish in the first place? This place called America sounds like a large and adventerous place to live. I have heard many interesting stories about how the Native Americans live side by side with many types of people. Some they get along with and some they don't. My uncle tom says the Native Americans are a reasonable, unselfish group of people. They seem to mind their business and try to teach their children the same values. You shouldn't treat others any different than you would want to be treated yourself. My family says I will witness and experience many forms of prejudice and selfishness when I get to America. I will try to treat all people equal.

Plymouth Plantation

Of Plymouth Plantation

by William Bradford

After they had enjoyed fair winds and weather for a season, they were encountered many times with cross winds and met with many fierce storms with which the ship was soundly shaken, and her upper works made very leaky; and one of the main beams in the mid-ship was bowed and cracked, which put them in some fear that the ship could not be able to perform the voyage. So some of the chief of the company, perceiving the mariners to fear the insufficiency of the ship as appeared by their mutterings, they entered into serious consultation with the master and other officers of the ship, to consider in time of the danger, and rather to return than to cast themselves into a desperate and inevitable peril. And truly there was great distraction and difference of opinion amongst the mariners themselves; fain would they do what could be done for their wages’ sake (being now near half the seas over) and on the other hand they were loath to hazard their lives too desperately. But in examining of all opinions, the master and others affirmed they knew the ship to be strong and firm under water; and for the buckling of the main beam, there was a great iron screw the passengers brought out of Holland, which would raise the beam into his place; the which being done, the carpenter and master affirmed that with a post put under it, set firm in the lower deck and otherwise bound, he would make it sufficient. And as for the decks and upper works, they would caulk them as well as they could, and though with the working of the ship they would not long keep staunch, yet there would otherwise be no great danger, if they did not over-press her with sails. So they committed themselves to the will of God and resolved to proceed.

Reflection:

I chose this passage because I felt that it over exaggerated the fact that even though most people view the American immigrants that traveled over there first as evil because they took land from the Native Americans, they were victims attempting to flee from religious persecution. I liked the fact that this passage offered a viewpoint that has always been overlooked. When reading this, i gained a new viewpoint and respect for those immigrants who deserted their homeland because they feared the American Immigrants.

Dear Diary,

During school hours my teacher made me read this because many people are making the decision to immigrate. The entire story was quite frightening. Throughout it I found this to be the worst part. Ships have always seemed quite scary to me to travel in for long distances. Thankfully, our family will be on the best ship that my father can find. He is the kind of man that will not share his fears with me or my mother. For those days ahead that are to come, i dread the rocking ship on those waves. I shall try and keep myself occupied so that I will not think about it much.But i wish their were a way to ensure we would avoid storms, anything but storms. My mother says the only thing we can do is pray that our journey will be safe.

Anne Bradstreet Poetry

"To My Dear and Loving Husband"
by Anne Bradstreet
Webtext prepared by Ann Woodlief


If ever two were one, then surely we. If ever man were lov'd by wife, then thee. If ever wife was happy in a man, Compare with me, ye women, if you can. I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold or all the riches that the east doth hold. My love is such that Rivers cannot quench, Nor ought but love from thee give recompense. Thy love is such I can no way repay. The heavens reward thee manifold, I pray. Then while we live, in love let's so persevere. That when we live no more, we may live ever.

Reflection:

I chose this narrative because I loved the way that I could see how the American Immigrants came in and tried to separate all of the Native American families. While being split apart, families had to think of ways to stay together through all the struggles, including husbands and wives and they had to work harder for their relationships to work in longer distances. This relates to the Native Americans because many of them become emotionally involved with the immigrants. I thought the poem was rather sweet and harsh in some parts. This kind of writing makes you think back on how you treat all of your loved ones. This is similar to many people today who live far away from their loved ones. Even though technology has greatly helped this problem, the people living far away are not any closer.

Dear Diary,

Today as we boarded the ship to embark on our journey to America, I noticed that many men were leaving their families and traveling to America alone. It was really sad to see adults crying. Wives were having to pull their children away and profess their love in a matter of minutes. Mother informed me that these men had to leave because there was no work for them in England and their family could not afford to send everyone to America. So, when I read this poem, it was all I could think about. Lately, traveling to America has become I all can talk about.

By Night When Others Soundly Slept

By night when others soundly sleptAnd hath at once both ease and Rest,My waking eyes were open keptAnd so to lie I found it best.I sought him whom my Soul did Love,With tears I sought him earnestly.He bow'd his ear down from Above.In vain I did not seek or cry.My hungry Soul he fill'd with Good;He in his Bottle put my tears,My smarting wounds washt in his blood,And banisht thence my Doubts and fears.What to my Saviour shall I giveWho freely hath done this for me?I'll serve him here whilst I shall liveAnd Loue him to Eternity.
Bradstreet, Anne. “By Night While Others Soundly Slept.” <http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/209.html>

Reflection:

I chose this passage because of the message it portrays about religion. I think that the immigrants escaping from religious persecution were so passionate about their beliefs that they wished to enlighten everyone they encountered. Why else would they have made such a treacherous journey? With that in mind, I am not as angered by the fact that they tried to change the Natives. I do not agree with everything the immigrants did, but I believe that at one point they had honorable intentions. I feel this particular situation is an ongoing debate. This is still happening in third world countries such as the villages in Africa, and many people oppose it.

Dear Diary,

Father read this poem in front of the whole congregation today. He said he was trying to explain to everyone why we were moving to America. Father said that everyone has the right to worship whomever and however they wish. He said that if England could not provide this basic right, then we should feel no remorse in leaving. Father believes we should live our lives to serve God and that no country has the right to interfere with this.

Verses upon the Burning of our House
By: Anne Bradstreet
In silent night when rest I took,

For sorrow near I did not look,

I waken'd was with thund'ring noise

And piteous shrieks of dreadful voice.

That fearful sound of "fire" and "fire,"Let no man know is my Desire.

I starting up, the light did spy,

And to my God my heart did cry

To straighten me in my Distress

And not to leave me succourless.

Then coming out, behold a space

The flame consume my dwelling place.

And when I could no longer look,

I blest his grace that gave and took,

That laid my goods now in the dust.

Yea, so it was, and so 'twas just.

It was his own; it was not mine.

Far be it that I should repine,

He might of all justly bereft

But yet sufficient for us left.

When by the Ruins oft I past

My sorrowing eyes aside did cast

And here and there the places spy

Where oft I sate and long did lie.

Here stood that Trunk, and there that chest,

There lay that store I counted best,

My pleasant things in ashes lie

And them behold no more shall I.

Under the roof no guest shall sit,

Nor at thy Table eat a bit.

No pleasant talk shall 'ere be told

Nor things recounted done of old.

No Candle 'ere shall shine in Thee,

Nor bridegroom's voice ere heard shall bee.

In silence ever shalt thou lie.

Adieu, Adieu, All's Vanity.

Then straight I 'gin my heart to chide:

And did thy wealth on earth abide,

Didst fix thy hope on mouldring dust,

The arm of flesh didst make thy trust?

Raise up thy thoughts above the sky

That dunghill mists away may fly.

Thou hast a house on high erect

Fram'd by that mighty Architect,

With glory richly furnished

Stands permanent, though this be fled.

It's purchased and paid for too

By him who hath enough to do.

A price so vast as is unknown,

Yet by his gift is made thine own.

There's wealth enough; I need no more.

Farewell, my pelf; farewell, my store.

The world no longer let me love;

My hope and Treasure lies above.

http://www.annebradstreet.com/verses_upon_the_burning_of_our_house.htm

Reflection:

I decided to incorporate this passage because I loved that it portrayed the most common and obvious struggle that the immigrants were faced with, leaving their homes. The main point of this passage was that the immigrants were obligated to leave their houses and most, if not all, of their belongings. This affects the Native Americans because the immigrants moved to America to built new towns and traded items for goods to begin their new lives. I was saddened when I read this passage because I cannot imagine having to start over. This kind of move still occurs today as families come to America from places such as Mexico with nothing more than the shirts on their backs.

Dear Diary,

As you can image that is how it felt to leave England, to leave the only home I had ever known. I know we will never return, and although I did not expect it, I am beginning to wonder if going to America is such a great idea. My family will have to start over again and I will have to make all new friends as well as start a new school. I hate that this poem filled me with a new sense of homesickness, because in all reality I know that moving away is best. I will be so happy to see Beth again, she cannot send me letters anymore and I am beginning to miss communicating with her. So far, our ride has been smooth and we are over half way through our trip. However, I do feel terribly for those in the common quarters because our conditions are not very desirable.

Huswifery

Huswifery
by Edward Taylor

Make me, O Lord, thy Spinning Wheele compleat;

Thy Holy Worde my Distaff make for mee.

Make mine Affections thy Swift Flyers neate,

And make my Soule thy holy Spoole to bee.

My Conversation make to be thy Reele,

And reele the yarn thereon spun of thy Wheele.

Make me thy Loome then, knit therein this Twine:

And make thy Holy Spirit, Lord, winde quills:

Then weave the Web thyselfe. The yarn is fine.

Thine Ordinances make my Fulling Mills.

Then dy the same in Heavenly Colours Choice,

All pinkt with Varnish't Flowers of Paradise.

Then cloath therewith mine Understanding, Will,

Affections, Judgment, Conscience, Memory;

My Words and Actions, that their shine may fill

My wayes with glory and thee glorify.

Then mine apparell shall display before yee

That I am Cloathd in Holy robes for glory.

http://www.puritansermons.com/poetry/taylor14.htm

Reflection:

I chose this poem because I was impressed by the metaphor the author supplied and also really liked the message of the poem. The point of the poem was to demonstrate the fact that most individuals are seeking God's grace, even though they do not necessarily deserve it. I feel as if this poem is timeless because this is infact exactly the issue many individuals pray about. When reading this poem I am slightly angered by the fact that the author seems whiny and undeserving as he is asking for something, yet wishes to recieve it with no action on his part. While reading this poem you realize that the author is desperate and knows he is in need of help.

Dear Diary,

Mother recited this poem(prayer) as she was tidying up our quarters today. I know this move has been the hardest on her, she misses being home and taking care of our house. Mother likes to cook and tend her little garden. Father continues to remind her of the large farm we can have when we arrive in America. He says that we will buy all new things as soon as he begins his job. I think father simply hates to see mother upset. But, Mother knows father is right, because she must focus on the most important element of life, her faith. However, she has trouble dealing with the fact that she will not be able to raise her children in England alongside her family. I have heard her many a time talking to God about how she cannot live her life the way she should without his assisstance. It must be hard for her to struggle like that. She syays that God will answer her prayers, he is just extra busy right now. I can see how that would be true, all I have to do is look around at all of the broken people on the ship. The Captain says we should arrive in America any day now. Hopefully the spirits of everyone on board will lift with the news. Many people have already passed and been thrown overboard. Seasickness is as common as anything nowadays and we are quickly running out of food.

Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God

Sinners in the hands of an Angry God!

By: Jonathan Edwards

There is no want of power in God to cast wicked men into hell at any moment. Men's hands cannot be strong when God rises up. The strongest have no power to resist him, nor can any deliver out of his hands. -- He is not only able to cast wicked men into hell, but he can most easily do it. Sometimes an earthly prince meets with a great deal of difficulty to subdue a rebel, who has found means to fortify himself, and has made himself strong by the numbers of his followers. But it is not so with God. There is no fortress that is any defence from the power of God. Though hand join in hand, and vast multitudes of God's enemies combine and associate themselves, they are easily broken in pieces. They are as great heaps of light chaff before the whirlwind; or large quantities of dry stubble before devouring flames. We find it easy to tread on and crush a worm that we see crawling on the earth; so it is easy for us to cut or singe a slender thread that any thing hangs by: thus easy is it for God, when he pleases, to cast his enemies down to hell. What are we, that we should think to stand before him, at whose rebuke the earth trembles, and before whom the rocks are thrown down?

http://www.piney.com/JonEdwSinHands.html

Reflection:

I chose this passage because I felt as though it described the mindset of those who chose to immigrate to America because of religious persecution. The point of this passage was that when it comes to judgment day, you are standing in front of God alone and that you will be judged on your actions alone, not compared to those who lived alongside you. This relates to the Native Americans because this may be why the immigrants tried to convert the Natives, who had never heard of Christianity. I think this sermon was a great wake-up call of many individuals of the time. I am surprised by the bluntness of this sermon and how Edwards simply came out to say exactly what he meant, with absolutely no sugar-coating. This is similar to today because we are a generation who needs a wake-up call such as this.

Dear Diary,

We arrived in America shortly after our ship encountered one of the worst storms I have ever seen in my lifetime. This was my biggest fear. The ship was tossed and thrown about as if were a mere leaf floating in rapids. People were crazy. They fought for a protected space to hide from God's storm. I did see a man push his son out of the way, just so he could reach safety. Some individuals simply jumped off of the ship because they no longer had the will to fight. I hid my eyes behind my father's coattails, for I could no longer bear the sights of the ship. Morning entered and we viewed what was left of the ship's deck. We reached land that afternoon and everyone was delighted to see it. I even saw a man kiss the ground after he leaped to shore. It was Sunday, and so the Captain preached a sermon before we took off to explore. He recited this sermon by Jonathan Edwards, and told us that we were right to leave England. He said that the majority was not always right and that you will have to stand in front of God on judgement day alone. This made me feel a bit better about my father's decision to move, although I am still skeptical.

EQ: Puritan Period

How is community impacted when the American Dream, which supplies indivduals with false hope for success, may not be accessible to all who seek it and creates intolerance among society?


The Puritans believed that their situation was a reflection of their stance with God. So, it is evident that, being religious individuals, the Puritans would possess more determination than most to fulfill their American Dream. The Puritans' goal in life was to be at peace/one with God, and therefore they did not falter when faced with an obstacle. Additionally, these individuals have a more positive outlook on life, such as in Bradstreet's Verses Upon the Burning of Our House, and gain motivation from their struggles. Further, in a community of Puritans, it would be unlikely for this intolerance to form/exist. Therefore, the Puritans portrayed the attitude needed to accomplish their American Dream, and were most likely to become content with their lives.

Equaino's Slave Narrative

"The Middle Passage"
by Olaudah Equiano


At last, when the ship we were in had got in all her cargo, they made ready with many fearful noises, and we were all put under deck, so that we could not see how they managed the vessel. But this disappointment was the least of my sorrow. The stench of the hold while we were on the coast was so intolerably loathsome, that it was dangerous to remain there for any time, and some of us had been permitted to stay on the deck for the fresh air; but now that the whole ship’s cargo were confined together, it became absolutely pestilential. The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us. This produced copious perspirations, so that the air soon became unfit for respiration, from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died, thus falling victims to the improvident avarice, as I may call it, of their purchasers. This wretched situation was again aggravated by the galling of the chains, now become insupportable; and the filth of the necessary tubs, into which the children often fell, and were almost suffocated. The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole a scene of horror almost inconceivable.



http://www.princeton.edu/~howarth/304.Projects/Erera/Pages/Main.htm

Reflection:
I chose this passage because I felt that it displayed the most brutal imagery of the hardships slaves were forced to endure. The main point of this passage is that American slaves hard the hardest time coming and living in America. I was shocked to notice that although many people sympathize with the Native Americans when, although they were treated unfairly, never had to endure anything quite as bad as the slaves. This is similar to today because many people think they are having a rough time because they are struggling with work, kids, and debts when there are many people who are much worse off.

Dear Diary,
Our journey was not very easy, but I am thankful to God that it was not as bad as it could have been. God kept me safe, he answered my prayers, and now I am in America! I feel terribly for the people in this narrative, which I was told by one of the others on the boat. I do not exactly understand what a slave is or how someone becomes a slave, but it does not sound very nice. We have arrived in a town and are now looking for transportation to Beth's plantation. Maybe she will explain what a slave is. Perhaps they are as interesting as the Indians. Oh, I still have not seen an Indian! How exciting that would be! I am so happy to be in America, my new home, a place of freedom, of beginnings, and where I will finally be reunited with my cousin Beth! Oh happy day!


Essential Question Reflection:
The heart of all American struggle during this period lies within the topics presented throughout this narrative. It is evident that slaves would feel as if the land of the American Dream, where individuals can start over for a better life was a nasty lie. The slaves most likely laughed at hopefuls, knowing that if the land of the free could have slaves, then it could also lie about other things. Further, as individuals arrive only to realize that this dream is clearly out of their reach, hostility builds and drives community apart. When certain groups of individuals are prevented from achieving this American Dream, community will be torn apart.

EQ: Slave Narrative
How is community impacted when the American Dream, which supplies indivduals with false hope for success, may not be accessible to all who seek it and creates intolerance among society?
The heart of all American struggle during this period lies within the topics presented throughout this narrative. It is evident that slaves would feel as if the land of the American Dream, where individuals can start over for a better life was a nasty lie. The slaves most likely laughed at hopefuls, knowing that if the land of the free could have slaves, then it could also lie about other things. Further, as individuals arrive only to realize that this dream is clearly out of their reach, hostility builds and drives community apart. When certain groups of individuals are prevented from achieving this American Dream, community will be torn apart.

"Give Me Liberty, Give Me Death!" By: Patrick Henry

Mr. President, it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of hope. We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren till she transforms us into beasts. Is this the part of wise men, engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty? Are we disposed to be of the numbers of those who, having eyes, see not, and, having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation? For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I am willing to know the whole truth, to know the worst, and to provide for it.I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry for the last ten years to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the House. Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received?

Reflection:
In his “Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death!” speech, Henry uses persuasion, on logical, emotional, and ethical levels, to convince Americans to become part of a revolution. Logic reasoning is incorporated as Henry explains to the community that he has seen this happen before, and that he knows exactly what Britain intends to do. Additionally, he points out that there is no one around for the British army to protect them from, and that Britain does not have an enemy anywhere nearby. Henry triggers the emotions of the community as he uses words with emotional undertones, such as ceremony, freedom, slavery, disloyalty, heaven, and kings, to express the way that Britain has taken advantage of America. Furthermore, Henry incorporates ethical reasoning into his persuasion as he states that it is a waste for America to sit by and let Britain enslave them. Therefore, it is evident that Henry successful integrated logic, ethic, and emotional reasoning.

Dear Diary,
Coming to America has been a wonderful experience. I have learned so many new things. Just the other day Beth taught me how to pick perfect flowers and arrange beautiful bouquets for mother. The people of the Virginia colony are so friendly. I am saddened that we do not travel to town more often. For the most part, Beth tutors me during the day and when she finishes her lessons we must complete our daily chores. Beth and I have a bad habit of running to town after all of our chores are done and we would be in so much trouble if anyone found out. Father is frightened because we are in a new place and he does not want us to lose our way or mingle with unrighteous individuals. Many a time, when we do sneak away, there are men who hold speeches that make the townspeople so very rowdy. The men speak of America gaining freedom from Britain, in fact, Mr. Henry's "Give me Liberty, or Give Me Death!" was read just yesterday. Frankly, the very idea of separating ourselves from Britain scares me to death. How would America survive without Britain? Would we have a Queen? Who would be Queen? Would the British military come to hurt us afterward? I love Britain, and I know that treason is wrong, so why do these men want to fight our motherland? I doubt we have much of a chance against Britain; it is so big and strong. Father agrees with these men, so much in fact that he has joined one of their clubs. It is called the Sons of Liberty, and father seems to think that his club will help America to become a country of its own. He says that we will make a new government and everything. Despite the fact that my father is a very smart man, I still have my doubts about making America a country of its own. But alas, I have only just arrived, what do I know about America? All I know now is that our long journey was well worth the trouble. I would never think for a minute of traveling back. Ah America, where the open fields are so beautiful and the fresh air is heavenly. Surely war will not strike this glorious land.

EQ: Revolutionary Period

How is community impacted when the American Dream, which supplies indivduals with false hope for success, may not be accessible to all who seek it and creates intolerance among society?



The Revolutionary period encompassed everything the American Dream was ever about and strengthened the American community as a whole. Men such as Henry and Paine are alike because they were determined to create change and had the patience to work for it, even if it meant taking a risk we were not necessarily ready to take. However, our forefathers must have been incredibly determined to achieve this dream because they took that risk and created the United States of America, which enabled us to be born free. Additionally, America eventually won the war opposing the British against all odds and after many years of protest. Many found this dream to be impossible, or unnecessary, which did separate a few individuals from the country, but America decided that it was better to weed out the doubtful anyway. Therefore, the American Dream of our forefathers helped to fortify American society. On another note, the leaders of the American revolution can be compared to the political figures of today because they both use tools such as propaganda (smear campaigns/over exaggeration of their positive qualities), persuasive speeches, and all promote change for a better future.

Section from "The Crisis, No.1" by: Thomas Paine

THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods; and it would be strange indeed if so celestial an article as FREEDOM should not be highly rated. Britain, with an army to enforce her tyranny, has declared that she has a right (not only to TAX) but "to BIND us in ALL CASES WHATSOEVER," and if being bound in that manner, is not slavery, then is there not such a thing as slavery upon earth. Even the expression is impious; for so unlimited a power can belong only to God. Whether the independence of the continent was declared too soon, or delayed too long, I will not now enter into as an argument; my own simple opinion is, that had it been eight months earlier, it would have been much better. We did not make a proper use of last winter, neither could we, while we were in a dependent state. However, the fault, if it were one, was all our own*; we have none to blame but ourselves. But no great deal is lost yet. All that Howe has been doing for this month past, is rather a ravage than a conquest, which the spirit of the Jerseys, a year ago, would have quickly repulsed, and which time and a little resolution will soon recover.
Paine, Thomas. "The Crisis, No. 1". <http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Rosemary_Dibben/English11/NewNation/PaineCrisis1.pdf>.



Reflection:
In this narrative, author Thomas Payne uses emotional, logical, and ethical arguments throughout his persuasive speech, The Crisis No. 1, in an attempt to jumpstart the American revolution. Payne generalizes America’s major problems with its mothering country, Britain, by suggesting that Britain is demonic, while America is holy. Payne is smart to connect with the public on a religious level, because many are already angry about the persecution they experienced in Europe, thus tapping into the emotions of the public. Payne is asking the community if they are going to continue to let Britain hinder them, or if they are going to fight back for what is right, which is not only a logical issue, but also an ethical one. Payne continues with the argument that God will win the war for them, because America is righteous and Britain is evil (furthering his ethical argument). Payne incorporates emotions, logic, and ethics in an attempt to convince the public that America should seek independence from Britain.


Dear Diary,
Father has been so busy lately. I never imagined that maintaining a plantation and joining a club would be so much work. However, he seems to appreciate having dinner with mother and I more than before. He is so very proud of himself; he loves to sit on the back porch with mother and point out all of his work on the fields and talk to her about the ideals of men like Mr. Henry. Sometimes, I like to hide and listen, but the things Father has to say trouble me ever so much! Father says that there must be a revolution, that our generation will bring about the change that America has needed for years. Father likes to shout, "This is the time to rise above our foe, we must fight!". It's not just father who feels this way, the longer I stay in America, the more negative comments I hear about Britain. At first, I believed them to merely be a form of hostility that many individuals still feel for Britain because they were forced to leave their homes and start anew. But the more time I spend amongst the town, the more I realize what is actually occurring. Britain is taking advantage of America. However, I remain frightened of this thought, I do not know what will happen to America. I am so worried of what a revolution would mean for us. I cannot believe I have had such a change of heart in this short time. Maybe, just maybe, people like Mr. Henry and Mr. Payne are on to something.

Personal Extension for the Revolutionary Period

"My American Dream is to be able to go to college, be a pharmacist and then one day have a wonderful family that loves me. By participating in the school program that I am in, I am furthering my education and making my life more successful than it has ever been. I am working on becoming a more independent person in my life instead of depending on others all the rest of the time. To further my education, I am in an Early College High School experience and I don't try my best to maintain a good gradepoint average like I such. As this school year is coming to an end, I have learned that I have become more responsible of myself by doing all of my assignments I just have trouble turning them in on time. Throughout my life I have had many obstacles but I keep going through them and try to keep my American Dream in the back of my mind since that is all that I want to achieve.

Interview For the Revolutionary Period

"How have you lived your American Dream?"

[Donna Rhodes]
She said, "While growing up, I can remember dreaming of graduating from college with a good education, getting a good paying job, marrying a good man and starting a family. As I got older and achieved some of those goals one at a time, my dream began to change. Now I have realized that everyday is a gift, as we are not guaranteed tommorrow. So to have knowledge, a job to use that knowledge and awesome children to pass it on to, I would say that right now I am living my version of the "American Dream."


[Ms. Gagner]
"In my opinion, the American Dream means to be able to fulfill your personal goals and live your life the way you wish to live it. Fortunately, my parents were able to supply me with plenty of opportunities to further my education and to make life goals for myself. I pride myself in the fact that I have been able to pursue my love for dancing, and volunteer in various organizations which helps me to appreciate everything that I have. So, I would say that I have definitely fulfilled and lived my American Dream. But as for the American Dream, I do not know because it means so many different things to so many different people."



[Jason Rhodes]

"When I was a young boy I had dreamt of graduating from college with a master's degree, be a dental hygeniest, have a wonderful family and just be all that I could be. Now that I am older I have graduated from NC State University with a Masters Degree in Business, working in a dental lab instead of being a dental hygienest and have a girlfriend but not a family quite yet. So the answer for me, is yes, I have almost lived my American Dream but not quite yet. As for others, I would have no idea because this is my version of the American Dream."

what i learned from the interview process

When certain individuals are interviewed on a serious matter such as "Do you think that you have lived your American Dream?", they may get defensive or greedy. They get defensive because they feel as if they haven't made enough money to fulfill their American Dream or the individual could be disappointed in themselves because they aren't proud parents or a wife in their family's eyes.

Mexican Immigration - Creative Writing

As my father started to drive away from our old house in Mexico, I wondered what it would be like in America. I had heard that it was to be a great place such as Disney World. There was one problem though: I only spoke Spanish. How was it going to be talking to other people who spoke only English? I don’t know how I am going to survive through this journey there with no English under my belt. I realized that nothing was going to get in the way of me getting to know America better.
My father was tired of driving and midway through the journey he decides to board a train for the rest of the way. As we had reached our destination and were un-boarding I saw my Uncle Hermano. My father was surprised to see him because he was not wearing a sombrero hat, had no moustache and no bright belt buckle. Instead he had on a cowboy hat, sideburns, and an earring and was fat as a pig. I had expected him to be the same way he used to be but since he came to America 6 years ago, he has changed a lot. We are finally here in America on May 12, 1967.
Uncle Hermano drove us through the night as I was riding in the back of his blue pick-up truck. We were riding down a country road but I couldn’t see it because of it being so dark. As I was getting tired of watching the dark roads ahead of us, I decided to try and go to sleep. The roads were very bumpy though and had me jolting from side to side. The hay I had been asleep on had now formed into a harder bed then it had been before. I pushed myself towards the back of the truck and pulled my body slightly to an angle to gaze out into the night.
As we were riding along I saw no fences, creeks, trees, hills or fields. All that I saw in the pitch black darkness was land. I gazed into the sky but saw nothing but an empty black hole when stars and a moon should have taken its place. I didn’t want to go to America to learn a new language and to meet new people. I wanted to remain in Mexico but that was not an option for me since I am only thirteen years old. I have no say in what we do and where my parents want to live there lives.
It is going to be a very hard task for my family and me to live here because of all the land and having to learn how to farm. My family is coming from a very sheltered area of Mexico called Guatemala. There I knew everyone and everything I needed to but now I have to relearn it all except for a different country. If I had an option I would have brought along my oldest brother Rico, whom wanted to stay and work with the neighbors, but didn’t want me to leave on my own without him. I miss Rico and wish that he was here by my side like he usually was.
I awoke the following morning just as we were passing a sign that said, “Welcome to Nevada.” We traveled for about three to four more hours until we finally arrived. The truck parked in front of what seemed to be a small shack made out of mud. I was not prepared to see this for what I stayed in Mexico was a big house. I seemed to be dreaming for this was not what I had pictured for our new living arrangements. My mind was not full of simplicity but full of anger and frustration. I wanted to be back in Mexico but knew that it wasn’t going to happen as I had wanted it to be.

Transcedentalist Era

Nature

By: Ralph Waldo Emerson

"In the woods too, a man casts off his years, as the snake his slough, and at what period soever of life, is always a child. In the woods too, is perpetual youth. Within these plantations of God, a decorum and sanctity reign, a perennial festival is dressed, and the guest sees not how he should tire of them in a thousand years. In the woods, we return to reason and faith. There i feel that nothing can befall me in life, --- no disgrace, no calamity, (leaving me my eyes,) which nature cannot repair. Standing on the bare ground, --- my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space, -- all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.

Reflection:

The essay "Nature" helps me to remember back to the times when I was younger and going out into the fields and the sand of the beaches playing around with family. Nature has helped me to better appreciate the wonderful vibration of the world. As for me, I am to say that I am getting to be one with the nature. When I look back at the last time that we had snow I can see how excited I was but now i don't see that excitement. I will always be a little girl inside but i will not always have a "transparent eyeball."

Diary Entry:

When i was a little girl traveling to America for the very first time in my life, i met one thing that stayed in my life forever. That one item was something that we call nature. Nature is a place to go and relax but i also appreciate it. Nothing meant more to me then baby dolls when i was younger but now nature is all that i see in my life. Since i have been in America I have lost touch with my inner child of nature, so i have to regain it. I have learned that nature is not something we ignore but something that we should cherish.

Self Reliance

By: Ralph Waldo Emerson

"He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world. I remember an answer which when quite young I was prompted to make to a valued adviser, who was wont to importune me with the dear old doctrines of the church. On my saying, What have I to do with the sacredness of traditions; if I live wholly from within? my friend suggested, --- "But these impulses may be from below, not from above." I replied, "They do not seem to me to be such; but if i am the Devil's child, I will live then from the Devil."No law can be sacred to me but that of my nature.

Reflection:

Emerson's essay "Self Reliance" helped me to realize that when we are young we will always have questions. This helped me to look into my past and reminisce on some questions that i had about God and my church. As Emerson says, "But if i am the Devil's child, I will live from the Devil." makes me think how i am God's child and i will always live from God. This helps me to think about how we each need our own personal identities that no one can take from us. As we move forward each and every day we never pause and look at what is happening in our lives. Each and every person should stop at one point in the week and reminisce on the past.

Diary Entry:

I was coming home from my summer i spent in Germany, with my brother Rico and i realized one thing...i loved God. I never take the time out of my day to let him know it though. As the days go on i get farther and farther away from him when i should be getting closer and closer. I miss the good ol' days when i was younger but now that i am grown and about to turn sixteen i realize that i have a bunch of questions to ask. I don't know how they occurred in my heart but they have to be asked whether God answers them or not. I am a child of God and not of the devil so no matter what happens it will always be this way.